Green card and visa glossary

A rule that lets many workers, including H-1B and O-1, keep working after their stay expires. It covers up to 240 days with the same employer, if an extension was timely filed. The permission ends at once if USCIS denies the extension.

Agencies and processRead more Source: 8 CFR 274a.12(b)(20)#

A unique seven-, eight- or nine-digit number that the Department of Homeland Security assigns to a noncitizen. Forms and notices often ask for it, so keep it handy. It is different from a receipt number.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS Glossary: Alien Registration Number#

Losing green card status because you did not intend to keep the United States as your permanent home. An absence of more than a year is a common guide, but shorter trips can count too.

Family and citizenshipSource: USCIS: International Travel as a Permanent Resident#

A person who represents a recognized organization and has been accredited by the Board of Immigration Appeals. Like an attorney, an accredited representative may represent you in immigration cases before USCIS.

Agencies and processSource: 8 CFR 292.1#

The lowest education, training and experience an employer truly needs for a PERM job. If the foreign worker already works there, U.S. applicants generally cannot need more than the worker had when hired.

Employers and PERMSource: 20 CFR 656.17(i)#

Adjustment of status is the process of applying for a green card from inside the United States, on Form I-485 with USCIS, instead of getting an immigrant visa at a US consulate abroad.

Green card lineFull definition Source: 8 U.S.C. 1255 (INA 245), Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School#

The USCIS office that hears appeals of many denied petitions and applications. Most of its decisions are non-precedent: they apply existing law to that one case. A few become precedent decisions that guide all officers.

Agencies and processRead more Source: USCIS: The Administrative Appeals Office (AAO)#

The common name for the wait after a consular officer refuses a visa under INA 221(g) pending more information. It is a formal refusal, but often not final. For immigrant visas, new evidence within one year brings reconsideration with no new application fee.

Agencies and processRead more Source: 22 CFR 42.81#

Lawful entry into the U.S. after inspection and authorization by an immigration officer. Being paroled is not an admission. Whether you were admitted matters for many later steps, including adjustment of status.

Agencies and processFull definition Source: INA 101(a)(13), 8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(13)#

An AAO non-precedent decision that USCIS has adopted to give policy guidance to its staff. It has its own citation format and a USCIS cover memo announcing it. It is not a published precedent.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS: AAO Decisions#

A travel document that lets you return to the United States without a visa. In most cases you must have it before you leave. Since August 13, 2026, leaving on advance parole counts as a departure for the unlawful presence bars.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: USCIS: Unlawful Presence and Inadmissibility (alert on Matter of Delcarmen-Lara); USCIS Glossary: Advance Parole#

Any U.S. academic or professional degree above a bachelor’s, or a foreign equivalent degree. A bachelor’s plus five years of progressive experience in the specialty also counts as a master’s equivalent. It is one path into EB-2.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: 8 CFR 204.5(k)#

A written opinion on your O-1 qualifications and the work. It comes from a peer group, a labor or management organization, or an expert. Consultation is required before an O-1 approval, but the opinion does not bind USCIS. If no suitable peer group exists, USCIS decides on the record.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: 8 CFR 214.2(o)(5)#

A written statement in which a person states facts and swears they are true. USCIS accepts affidavits when a required record and secondary evidence are both unavailable. Then you need two or more, from people with direct knowledge who are not parties to the case.

Forms and documentsSource: 8 CFR 103.2(b)(2)#

A legally enforceable contract in which a sponsor promises to financially support an immigrant. Family-based green cards generally require one. The duty usually ends when the immigrant becomes a citizen or is credited with 40 quarters of work. It also ends at death, or loss of status and departure.

Family and citizenshipRead more Source: USCIS: Affidavit of Support#

When a child turns 21 before getting a green card and stops counting as a child under immigration law. The child may then need a new petition, face a longer wait, or lose eligibility. The CSPA protects some applicants.

Green card lineSource: USCIS: Child Status Protection Act (CSPA)#

A request for a higher office to review an unfavorable USCIS decision. Many appeals go to the Administrative Appeals Office (AAO) on Form I-290B. Most must be filed within 30 calendar days of service, or 33 days if the decision was mailed.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS: Form I-290B, Notice of Appeal or Motion#

The person who signs and files an application, such as Form I-485, usually for a benefit for themselves. Signing certifies under penalty of perjury that the request and evidence are true. An applicant may be represented by an attorney or accredited representative.

Agencies and processSource: 8 CFR 103.2(a)(2) and (3)#

A USCIS office where you usually go to give biometrics: fingerprints, a photograph and a signature. After you file, USCIS mails a notice with your ASC appointment if it needs your biometrics.

Agencies and processSource: USCIS: Preparing for Your Biometric Services Appointment#

A USCIS decision granting your request. USCIS approves when the record establishes eligibility. Where the law makes the benefit discretionary, the evidence must also show you deserve a favorable exercise of discretion.

Evidence and legal standardsSource: 8 CFR 103.2(b)#

The Form I-797 notice USCIS sends when it approves a petition or application. The I-797A version includes a replacement I-94 record. The I-797B version is used for approved worker petitions.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS: Form I-797: Types and Functions#

The lawyer who has properly filed Form G-28 in your case. That filing makes the lawyer formally responsible as your attorney in that case. Check that your lawyer has filed one if you expect them to act for you.

Agencies and processSource: USCIS Glossary: Attorney of record#

EB-1A criterion 6: scholarly articles you wrote in professional or major trade publications or other major media. A scholarly article reports original research and is usually peer reviewed. How strong the articles are matters in the final merits step.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

A temporary visa for short business trips, such as meeting business contacts, attending a conference or negotiating a contract. You must plan a limited stay and keep a home abroad you intend to return to. A single trip is generally capped at 1 year.

Visas and statusSource: USCIS: B-1 Temporary Business Visitor#

A temporary visa for travel for pleasure, such as tourism or visiting family. B-2 visitors can be admitted for up to one year. Extensions come in steps of up to six months. Enrolling in a course of study violates the status.

Visas and statusSource: 8 CFR 214.2(b)#

When an H-1B worker sits idle because of the employer, such as no assigned work or a missing license. The employer must still pay the required wage. Pay can stop during time off the worker requests for personal reasons.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: 20 CFR 655.731(c)(7)#

The person a petition is filed for, whether by a relative, an employer or themselves. When someone else files, the beneficiary is not a formal party to the case. USCIS then deals with the petitioner and their representative.

Agencies and processSource: 8 CFR 103.2(a)(3)#

The way USCIS has selected H-1B registrations since the fiscal year 2025 cap season. It selects unique workers rather than individual registrations. If a worker is selected, each employer that registered that worker may file a petition.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: USCIS: H-1B Electronic Registration Process#

A short visit to an Application Support Center where USCIS takes your fingerprints, photo and signature. To reschedule, use your USCIS online account before the original time and show good cause. Missing it without doing so can lead USCIS to deny your case as abandoned.

Agencies and processRead more Source: USCIS: Preparing for Your Biometric Services Appointment#

A Form I-797C telling you the date, time and place of your Application Support Center appointment. There USCIS takes fingerprints, a photo and a signature for identity and background checks. Bring the notice and valid photo ID.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS: Preparing for Your Biometric Services Appointment#

An advance approval of a large company’s related offices as qualifying organizations for L-1 transfers. The company must meet a size test, such as 1,000 U.S. workers or 10 L-1 approvals in the past 12 months. It lets the employer move eligible staff quickly without an individual petition to USCIS.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: L-1A Intracompany Transferee Executive or Manager#

The highest administrative body for interpreting immigration law, part of EOIR. It mostly decides appeals on paper, often from immigration judges. Its decisions bind DHS officers and immigration judges unless the Attorney General or a federal court changes them.

Agencies and processSource: EOIR: Board of Immigration Appeals#

A real marriage that was not entered into to get around immigration law. Proof can include joint property, a shared lease, combined finances, children, and statements from people who know the couple.

Family and citizenshipRead more Source: 8 CFR 216.4(a)(5)#

The duty to prove you qualify for the benefit you request. It always rests on the applicant or petitioner and never shifts to USCIS. It differs from the standard of proof, which is how much evidence you need.

Evidence and legal standardsFull definition Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 1, Part E, Ch. 4#

The justification an employer needs when PERM job requirements go beyond what is normal for the occupation. The employer must show the requirements fit the job in its business and are essential to the work.

Employers and PERMSource: 20 CFR 656.17(h)#

An employer whose H-1B workers do not count against the yearly cap. This covers colleges and universities, their related or affiliated nonprofits, nonprofit research organizations and government research organizations.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: 8 U.S.C. 1184(g)(5)#

Automatic extra F-1 status and work permission while a timely, cap-subject H-1B change of status petition is pending. It lasts until April 1 of that fiscal year, or the petition start date if earlier. It ends if the petition is rejected, denied, revoked or withdrawn.

Agencies and processRead more Source: 8 CFR 214.2(f)(5) (cap-gap extension); Study in the States: H-1B Status and the Cap Gap Extension#

The current stage of your USCIS case, which you can check online with the receipt number on your notice. The tool shows the last action taken on your case and any next steps.

Agencies and processSource: USCIS: Checking Your Case Status Online#

An identity document from USCIS that proves U.S. citizenship. It goes to people who became citizens through their parents, at birth abroad or later as children.

Family and citizenshipSource: USCIS Glossary#

The certificate USCIS gives a person who becomes a U.S. citizen through naturalization, after taking the Oath of Allegiance. It serves as evidence of U.S. citizenship.

Family and citizenshipSource: USCIS Glossary#

A full English translation of a foreign-language document, which USCIS requires with your filing. The translator must certify that it is complete and accurate. They must also certify that they are competent to translate the language.

Forms and documentsSource: 8 CFR 103.2(b)(3)#

For H-1B and O-1 workers, a new employer must file a new petition and ask to extend your stay. For H-1B, starting before approval is allowed only under H-1B portability. If an agent filed your O-1, the agent files an amended petition instead.

Agencies and processRead more Source: 8 CFR 214.2(h)(2)(i)(D) and (o)(2)(iv)(C)#

Switching from one nonimmigrant category to another without leaving the U.S., for example from F-1 to O-1. You or your employer must file before your current stay expires. Do not start the new activity until USCIS approves the change.

Agencies and processRead more Source: USCIS: Change My Nonimmigrant Status#

A 2002 law that protects some children from aging out. For immediate relatives, the child’s age freezes on the date the petition is filed. In preference and diversity cases, petition pending time is subtracted from the child’s age when a visa becomes available. The child must stay unmarried.

Green card lineSource: USCIS: Child Status Protection Act (CSPA)#

A licensed U.S. doctor designated by USCIS to perform immigration medical exams. USCIS will not accept an exam done in the U.S. by any other doctor. Abroad, a panel physician does this job.

Agencies and processFull definition Source: USCIS Glossary: Civil surgeon#

The official collection of federal regulations, arranged by subject title. Rules first appear in the Federal Register and are then collected in the CFR. Title 8, “Aliens and Nationality,” covers immigration.

Evidence and legal standardsSource: USCIS: Regulations#

An Employment Authorization Document that also serves as an advance parole travel document. You can spot it by the note “Serves as I-512 Parole” below the expiration date. Employers accept the EAD as a List A document for Form I-9.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: USCIS M-274, 13.1 List A Documents#

EB-1A criterion 10: commercial success in the performing arts, shown by box office receipts or record and video sales. Simply releasing music or appearing in productions is not enough. Sales must be strong compared with others in similar work.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

Other evidence you may offer when an EB-1A criterion does not readily apply to your occupation. You must explain why the criterion does not fit, not just assert it. Nothing can substitute for the one-time major award.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

Filing Form I-485 before the underlying immigrant petition, such as Form I-140, is approved. You can file both together or file the I-485 while the petition is pending. It works only inside the U.S. and only when a visa number is immediately available.

Agencies and processFull definition Source: USCIS: Concurrent Filing of Form I-485#

A green card holder whose status is conditional, such as through marriage or as an EB-5 investor. The card is valid for 2 years. You must file Form I-751 or Form I-829 in the 90 days before it expires. If you do not, you can lose your status.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: Conditional Permanent Residence#

Consular processing is the way to get a green card from outside the United States. After USCIS approves your petition, you apply for an immigrant visa at a US embassy or consulate. You become a permanent resident when you are admitted at a US port of entry.

Agencies and processFull definition Source: USCIS, Consular Processing#

An EB-1A requirement: clear evidence you are coming to the US to keep working in your area of expertise. Evidence can include employer letters, contracts or your own statement of detailed plans.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: 8 CFR 204.5(h)#

Living in the United States as a green card holder without long breaks, which naturalization requires. A trip of over 6 months is presumed to break it, though you can rebut that. A trip of 1 year or more breaks it unless Form N-470 was approved.

Family and citizenshipSource: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 12, Part D, Ch. 3#

The country your green card counts against under the per-country limits. It is usually your country of birth, not your citizenship. It decides which Visa Bulletin column applies to you.

Green card lineFull definition Source: 8 U.S.C. 1152(b) (INA 202(b))#

Immigrant visa symbols for the spouse of a U.S. citizen. Both are immediate relative visas. CR-1 is the conditional status version, so the spouse first becomes a conditional permanent resident. IR-1 is the version without conditions.

Visas and statusRead more Source: 22 CFR 42.11 (classification symbols)#

A report from a credentials evaluation service that compares a foreign degree to a U.S. degree. For H-1B cases, the regulations list it as one way to show that education equals a U.S. degree.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: 8 CFR 214.2(h)(4)(iii)(D)#

How believable and reliable a document or statement is. USCIS weighs credibility, reliability and authenticity separately from whether evidence is primary or secondary. It also checks each item for consistency with your claims and DHS records.

Evidence and legal standardsSource: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 1, Part E, Ch. 6#

A rule letting you count against your spouse’s country, or a child against a parent’s, instead of your own. It is used to keep a family from being separated. The spouse or parent must also qualify for an immigrant visa.

Green card lineRead more Source: 8 U.S.C. 1152(b) (INA 202(b))#

A Visa Bulletin entry marked “C”. It means visas are available now to every qualified applicant in that category and country, whatever their priority date. You do not need to wait for a cut-off date to pass.

Green card lineRead more Source: USCIS: Visa Availability and Priority Dates#

The date shown in the Visa Bulletin for a category and country where demand is higher than supply. A visa is available to you only if your priority date is earlier than this date.

Green card lineFull definition Source: USCIS: Visa Availability and Priority Dates#

A second Visa Bulletin chart that signals when applicants should start gathering documents. Each month USCIS says whether adjustment applicants may use it. When allowed, you can file Form I-485 once your priority date is earlier than the listed date.

Green card lineRead more Source: USCIS: Visa Availability and Priority Dates#

A USCIS decision refusing the benefit you requested. The officer must explain the specific reasons for the denial in writing. Certain unfavorable decisions can be appealed, and the decision should say where the appeal goes.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: 8 CFR 103.3(a)#

The executive branch department whose duties include securing the border and enforcing and administering immigration laws. USCIS, CBP and ICE are all agencies within DHS.

Agencies and processSource: USCIS Glossary: Department of Homeland Security#

The federal department that promotes the welfare of workers and helps employers find workers. In employment immigration it receives labor certification applications. For PERM cases, your priority date may be the date DOL received that application.

Agencies and processFull definition Source: USCIS Glossary: Department of Labor; Priority Date#

The federal department that decides visa applications at U.S. embassies and consulates abroad. If you get your green card through consular processing, the State Department, not USCIS, issues your immigrant visa. A visa lets you ask for entry; it does not guarantee admission.

Agencies and processFull definition Source: USCIS Glossary: Visa#

A spouse or child of the principal beneficiary who may receive the same status through that family relationship. A derivative’s eligibility depends on the principal’s case.

Agencies and processRead more Source: USCIS Glossary: Beneficiary; Derivatives#

Citizenship a child gets automatically through a parent. A foreign-born child qualifies if under 18 and holding a green card. The child must live in the U.S. in a citizen parent’s custody.

Family and citizenshipSource: 8 U.S.C. 1431 (INA 320)#

EB-1A criterion 7: display of your work at artistic exhibitions or showcases. The regulation says “artistic,” so non-artistic events do not meet it directly. A non-artistic showing can only be argued as comparable evidence.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

The O-1B standard for artists. It means a high level of achievement, with skill and recognition substantially above the ordinary. You must be prominent, meaning renowned, leading or well-known in the field of arts.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: 8 CFR 214.2(o)(3)(ii)#

A State Department program that offers up to 50,000 immigrant visas each year by random selection. It is open to people from countries with low rates of immigration to the United States. Unused visas cannot carry over, so cases must finish by September 30 of that fiscal year.

Visas and statusSource: USCIS: Green Card Through the Diversity Immigrant Visa Program#

The rule that lets some temporary workers, such as H-1B and L-1, also seek a green card. An approved labor certification or filed immigrant petition cannot be the reason to deny their petition, entry or extension. L-1 workers must still intend to leave when their stay ends.

Visas and statusRead more Source: 8 CFR 214.2(h)(16) and (l)(16)#

A Form I-94 notation with no fixed end date. It lets a student or exchange visitor, such as an F-1 student, stay while they maintain status. DHS published a rule in 2026 to replace it with fixed periods. A federal court postponed that rule in September 2026, and the case continues.

Agencies and processSource: USCIS Glossary: Duration of status (D/S); USCIS I-539 alert on the Sept. 14, 2026 court order#

A temporary status for nationals of a treaty country who carry on substantial trade with the United States. More than half of the trader’s international trade must be between the United States and the treaty country. Certain employees of the same nationality can also qualify.

Visas and statusSource: USCIS: E-1 Treaty Traders#

A temporary status for treaty country nationals who invest substantial capital in a real, operating business. The investor must come to develop and direct the business. The business cannot be marginal. It must be able to earn more than a minimal living for the investor’s family.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: E-2 Treaty Investors#

A temporary work status only for nationals of Australia. The job must be a specialty occupation. It must need at least a bachelor’s degree in the specific field, or its equivalent. The employer needs a Labor Condition Application. Spouses in E-3 status may work.

Visas and statusSource: USCIS: E-3 Specialty Occupation Workers from Australia#

A free online system that lets enrolled employers confirm a worker can legally work in the United States. It compares details from the worker’s Form I-9 with DHS and Social Security records. Results can come back in seconds.

Employers and PERMSource: E-Verify: What is E-Verify?#

The first employment-based green card category. It covers people with extraordinary ability, outstanding professors and researchers, and certain multinational managers and executives. No labor certification is required, and each group has its own evidence rules.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: Employment-Based Immigration: First Preference EB-1#

The EB-1 green card for people with extraordinary ability shown by sustained national or international acclaim. You must meet 3 of 10 evidence criteria or show a one-time major award. You can self-petition, with no job offer or labor certification needed.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: Employment-Based Immigration: First Preference EB-1#

The EB-1 green card for outstanding professors and researchers with international recognition in an academic field. You need at least 3 years of teaching or research experience. You also need an offer for a tenure-track or comparable research job. The employer files Form I-140.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: Employment-Based Immigration: First Preference EB-1#

The EB-1 green card for managers and executives of multinational companies. You generally need 1 year of work abroad for a related company in the past 3 years. The U.S. employer must have done business for at least 1 year and files Form I-140.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: Employment-Based Immigration: First Preference EB-1#

The second employment-based green card category. It covers professionals with an advanced degree or its equivalent. It also covers people with exceptional ability in the sciences, arts or business. Most cases need a labor certification. A national interest waiver or a Schedule A job is an exception.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: Employment-Based Immigration: Second Preference EB-2#

An EB-2 green card where USCIS waives the job offer and labor certification in the national interest. You can self-petition. USCIS weighs three factors, including whether your endeavor has substantial merit and national importance.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: Employment-Based Immigration: Second Preference EB-2#

The usual EB-2 path, where a U.S. employer sponsors you for a permanent job. The employer first gets a Department of Labor labor certification, then files Form I-140. The job must require an advanced degree or exceptional ability, and you must meet its requirements.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: Employment-Based Immigration: Second Preference EB-2#

The third employment-based green card category, for skilled workers, professionals and other workers. Skilled jobs need at least 2 years of training or experience, and professional jobs need a bachelor’s degree. It needs a permanent, full-time job offer and a labor certification or Schedule A designation.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: Employment-Based Immigration: Third Preference EB-3#

The EB-3 subcategory for jobs needing less than 2 years of training or experience. The job cannot be temporary or seasonal. It still requires a labor certification and a permanent, full-time job offer from a U.S. employer.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: Employment-Based Immigration: Third Preference EB-3#

The fourth employment-based green card category, for special immigrants. It includes religious workers, Special Immigrant Juveniles, certain broadcasters and some U.S. government employees abroad. Many subcategories use Form I-360, filed by an employer or as a self-petition.

Visas and statusSource: USCIS: Employment-Based Immigration: Fourth Preference EB-4#

The employment-based fifth preference green card for immigrant investors. You must make the required investment in a U.S. commercial enterprise. You must also plan to create or preserve 10 permanent full-time jobs for qualified U.S. workers. Your spouse and unmarried children under 21 can also qualify.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: EB-5 Immigrant Investor Program#

U.S. government posts abroad where Department of State consular officers decide visa applications. A visa lets you ask for entry at a port of entry. If you seek a green card from outside the U.S., you apply for your immigrant visa at one.

Agencies and processRead more Source: USCIS Glossary: Visa#

A card that proves you may work in the United States for a set period. You request it on Form I-765, for example while Form I-485 is pending. Green card holders and H-1B, L-1B, O or P workers generally do not need one.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: USCIS: Employment Authorization Document#

The Form I-9 check every U.S. employer must complete for each new hire, citizen or not. The worker shows documents proving identity and work authorization. The employer checks that they look genuine and relate to the worker.

Employers and PERMSource: USCIS: Form I-9, Employment Eligibility Verification#

The online system CBP uses to check if a traveler can come under the Visa Waiver Program. An approved ESTA does not guarantee entry. A CBP officer still decides admission when you arrive.

Visas and statusSource: CBP: Electronic System for Travel Authorization#

An EB-2 standard: expertise significantly above that ordinarily found in the sciences, arts or business. It is a lower bar than extraordinary ability. You must meet at least three of six criteria, then pass a final merits review.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 5#

The part of the Department of Justice that runs the immigration courts and the Board of Immigration Appeals. It is separate from USCIS. You deal with EOIR mainly if you are placed in removal proceedings.

Agencies and processSource: USCIS Glossary: Executive Office for Immigration Review#

One labeled piece of evidence in a filing, such as a letter, article or certificate. Filings often group exhibits behind tabs with an index explaining each one. For appeals and motions, the AAO recommends this format, along with numbered pages.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: USCIS AAO Practice Manual, Chapter 7#

A practical term, not a legal requirement: a numbered list of every exhibit in your filing. Any evidence you submit becomes part of your request. A clear index helps the officer find the evidence behind each claim.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 1, Part E, Ch. 6#

A request that USCIS decide your case ahead of others. It is discretionary and judged case by case, for reasons like severe financial loss, emergencies or clear USCIS error. If premium processing is available for your form, USCIS will generally not consider an expedite.

Agencies and processFull definition Source: USCIS: How to Make an Expedite Request#

A letter in which an expert gives an opinion based on specialized knowledge. The expert’s knowledge, skill, experience, training or education must qualify them. Officers may give less weight to opinions that conflict with the record.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 1, Part E, Ch. 6#

A request to stay longer in your current nonimmigrant status. It is filed on Form I-129 or Form I-539, depending on your category. USCIS recommends filing at least 45 days before your authorized stay expires.

Agencies and processRead more Source: USCIS: Extend Your Stay#

The EB-1A standard. It means expertise showing you are one of the small percentage at the very top of your field. You prove it with sustained national or international acclaim. No job offer or labor certification is needed.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: 8 CFR 204.5(h)#

The O-1B standard for film and television work. It means a very high level of accomplishment, with skill and recognition significantly above the ordinary. You must be recognized as outstanding, notable or leading in motion pictures or television.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: 8 CFR 214.2(o)(3)(ii)#

A student status for full-time study at an SEVP-certified college, university, school or language program. You must show enough funds to support yourself. On-campus work is allowed with limits. Off-campus work, such as CPT or OPT, generally starts after the first academic year and must be authorized first.

Visas and statusSource: USCIS: Students and Employment#

The capped family green card lines. F1 covers unmarried adult children of citizens, while F2A and F2B cover spouses and children of green card holders. F3 is married children of citizens, and F4 siblings of adult citizens.

Family and citizenshipRead more Source: USCIS: Family of U.S. Citizens#

USCIS approval to skip a filing fee because you clearly cannot pay it. You request it on Form I-912, filed with the application, and only some forms qualify. If you are found ineligible, USCIS may reject both the request and the application.

Agencies and processSource: USCIS: Additional Information on Filing a Fee Waiver#

A foreign partner engaged to a U.S. citizen. On a K-1 visa, the couple must marry within 90 days of the fiancé(e) entering the United States. After the marriage, the fiancé(e) can apply for a green card.

Family and citizenshipRead more Source: USCIS: Visas for Fiancé(e)s of U.S. Citizens#

The field in which you claim to be at the very top. EB-1A acclaim is measured against others in that field. Related work may still differ: competing as an athlete and coaching are generally not the same area of expertise.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

A local USCIS office that serves applicants and petitioners in person in communities across the country. Field offices hold interviews for cases that need one, such as many green card and naturalization applications.

Agencies and processSource: USCIS: Field Operations Directorate#

The cut-off date in the main Visa Bulletin chart. If your priority date is earlier, a visa can be issued to you. USCIS uses this chart for Form I-485 filing unless it announces the Dates for Filing chart instead.

Green card lineFull definition Source: USCIS: Visa Availability and Priority Dates#

The second step of EB-1A review, after the officer checks which criteria you meet. The officer weighs all evidence together under a preponderance standard. The question is whether you have sustained acclaim and stand among the small percentage at the top.

Evidence and legal standardsFull definition Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

When a spouse or child immigrates after the main applicant instead of with them. In preference cases, INA 203(d) gives them the same category and place in line as the main applicant.

Green card lineSource: 8 U.S.C. 1153(d) (INA 203(d))#

A degree earned outside the United States that is evaluated as equal to a specific U.S. degree. For the EB-2 advanced degree category, you need at least the equivalent of a U.S. bachelor’s. Without it, you are ineligible for that category.

Evidence and legal standardsSource: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 5#

The way noncitizens report a new address to USCIS. Most must report within 10 days of moving. Updating online through a USCIS account also meets the rule and helps make sure notices reach you.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS: AR-11, Alien's Change of Address Card#

The online application every person seeking a temporary U.S. visa must complete. You sign it electronically by clicking the signature box. A consular officer may direct an applicant to use the older Form DS-156 instead.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: 22 CFR 41.103#

The online application for an immigrant visa and alien registration, used in consular processing. Green card applicants abroad complete it as the consular officer directs. The requirement to file an application cannot be waived.

Forms and documentsFull definition Source: 22 CFR 42.63#

The document a J-1 exchange program sponsor issues to a participant and their J-2 family members. It lets them schedule a J visa interview at a U.S. embassy or consulate.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: 22 CFR 62.2#

The Labor Condition Application an employer files with the Department of Labor for an H-1B, H-1B1 or E-3 worker. The employer attests that it meets the program’s wage and other rules. Once DOL certifies it, the employer can move on to USCIS.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: DOL FLAG: Labor Condition Application (LCA) Program#

The Department of Labor application an employer files for a PERM labor certification. Once certified and signed, it supports the employer’s Form I-140 petition. USCIS will not process those petitions without the original certified form.

Forms and documentsFull definition Source: 20 CFR 656.17#

The form an employer uses to ask the Department of Labor for the official prevailing wage for a job. It goes to DOL’s National Prevailing Wage Center. A PERM labor certification cannot be filed without a valid prevailing wage determination.

Forms and documentsFull definition Source: DOL FLAG: Prevailing Wages#

The form an attorney or accredited representative files to show USCIS they represent you. Both of you sign it. It also tells USCIS whether to send notices and secure documents to you or to your representative.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS: G-28, Notice of Entry of Appearance as Attorney or Accredited Representative#

USCIS’s official fee schedule, listing the filing fee for each form. Check it before every filing, because USCIS rejects filings sent with the wrong fee. USCIS updates it from time to time, so always use the current edition.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS: G-1055, Fee Schedule#

A short form you include with your filing to get a text message or email when USCIS accepts it. It gives you an early alert that your case has been received.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS: G-1145, E-Notification of Application/Petition Acceptance#

The form every U.S. employer must complete for each new hire, citizens included. The employee shows documents proving identity and work authorization. The employer checks that they look genuine and records them.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS: I-9, Employment Eligibility Verification#

The document an SEVP-certified school issues once it accepts an F or M student. You need it to pay the SEVIS fee, at your visa interview and when you enter the United States. Keep the original safe.

Forms and documentsSource: Study in the States: Students and the Form I-20#

The record of your entry into the United States, created by Customs and Border Protection. It is now usually electronic, and you can look it up online. Employers, schools and agencies may ask for it as proof of your status.

Forms and documentsSource: CBP: I-94#

The petition an employer files for a temporary worker, such as an H-1B, L-1, O-1 or P-1. It is also used to extend or change status into some work categories, including E-2, E-3 and TN.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: USCIS: I-129, Petition for a Nonimmigrant Worker#

The petition a U.S. citizen files to bring a fiancé(e) here on a K-1 visa to marry. It can also cover the fiancé(e)’s children (K-2) and, in some cases, a spouse waiting on Form I-130 (K-3).

Forms and documentsRead more Source: USCIS: I-129F, Petition for Alien Fiancé(e)#

The petition a U.S. citizen or green card holder files to prove a family tie to an immigrating relative. It is the first step in most family-based green card cases. Approval alone does not give the relative any status.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: USCIS: I-130, Petition for Alien Relative#

The USCIS application for travel and parole documents. You can use it to request a reentry permit, a refugee travel document or an advance parole document. People with a pending Form I-485 can use it to ask for advance parole before traveling abroad.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: USCIS: I-131, Application for Travel Documents, Parole Documents, and Arrival/Departure Records#

A form in which a supporter agrees to financially support someone during a temporary stay in the United States. A separate form is needed for each person supported. It is different from Form I-864, which is used for green card cases.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS: I-134, Declaration of Financial Support#

The petition used to classify a foreign worker for an employment-based green card. An employer usually files it, but extraordinary ability and national interest waiver applicants can self-petition. It can be filed together with Form I-485 in some cases.

Forms and documentsFull definition Source: USCIS: I-140, Immigrant Petition for Alien Workers#

The application for consent to reapply for admission after a deportation or removal. People barred under INA 212(a)(9)(A) or (C) file it so they can lawfully return to the United States.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS: I-212, Application for Permission to Reapply for Admission#

The form to appeal a USCIS denial to the AAO, or to file a motion with the deciding office. In most cases it is due within 30 days of the decision. If the decision was mailed, you get 33 days.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: USCIS: I-290B, Notice of Appeal or Motion#

The application to become a lawful permanent resident while you are inside the United States. This route is called adjustment of status. In general, you can file it only when an immigrant visa is immediately available in your category.

Forms and documentsFull definition Source: USCIS: I-485, Application to Register Permanent Residence or Adjust Status#

A supplement to Form I-485 for employment-based applicants. It confirms that the job offer behind your Form I-140 is still valid. It also lets you move to a new permanent job in the same or a similar occupation.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: USCIS: I-485 Supplement J#

The EB-5 petition for investors who pool their money through a regional center. It asks USCIS to classify the investor as an immigrant. It is also used to report certain changes if the regional center or project is terminated or debarred.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: USCIS: I-526E, Immigrant Petition by Regional Center Investor#

The application certain nonimmigrants use to extend their stay or change to another nonimmigrant status. Several work categories cannot use it. For those, the employer files Form I-129 instead.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS: I-539, Application to Extend/Change Nonimmigrant Status#

The official name of the green card. USCIS issues it as proof that you are a lawful permanent resident. It also proves identity and work authorization for Form I-9, so no separate work permit is needed.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS Glossary: Permanent Resident Card (Form I-551)#

The application to ask USCIS to forgive, or waive, certain grounds of inadmissibility. People who are inadmissible may need it to get an immigrant visa, adjust status or receive certain other benefits. Only some grounds can be waived.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS: I-601, Application for Waiver of Grounds of Inadmissibility#

A waiver request for certain relatives of U.S. citizens or permanent residents who have unlawful presence. They file it from inside the United States before leaving for an immigrant visa interview abroad. It covers only the unlawful presence bar.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS: I-601A, Application for Provisional Unlawful Presence Waiver#

The medical exam report that shows you are not inadmissible on health grounds. A USCIS-designated doctor, called a civil surgeon, completes it and seals it in an envelope. Since December 2, 2024, adjustment applicants must file it with Form I-485, or USCIS may reject the I-485.

Forms and documentsFull definition Source: USCIS: I-693, Report of Immigration Medical Examination and Vaccination Record#

The petition a conditional resident files to remove the conditions on a green card obtained through marriage. Couples filing jointly must file in the 90 days before the conditional card expires. Filing too early may lead USCIS to reject it.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: USCIS: I-751, Petition to Remove Conditions on Residence#

The application for an Employment Authorization Document, or work permit. Some people, such as applicants with a pending Form I-485, file it to get permission to work. Others already allowed to work can use it to get a card that proves it.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: USCIS: I-765, Application for Employment Authorization#

The family of official notices USCIS sends to tell you about your case. Versions cover receipts, approvals, appointments and requests for evidence. It is not a form you fill out, so keep every one you receive.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS: Form I-797: Types and Functions#

A request for USCIS to take further action on a case it has already approved. USCIS will not process it if the underlying petition or application is still pending or was denied.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS: I-824, Application for Action on an Approved Application or Petition#

The petition an EB-5 investor files to remove the conditions on a two-year green card. It must be filed in the 90 days before the conditional card expires. Failing to file on time can end conditional resident status.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: USCIS: I-829, Petition by Investor to Remove Conditions on Permanent Resident Status#

A sponsor’s promise to financially support an immigrant so they are unlikely to rely on public benefits. Most family-based and some employment-based cases need it. It is a legally binding contract with the U.S. government, so sponsors can be asked to repay certain benefits.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: USCIS: I-864, Affidavit of Support Under Section 213A of the INA#

The form you file to request premium processing, which gets you a faster USCIS decision. It is available for Form I-129, Form I-140 and certain Form I-765 and Form I-539 categories.

Forms and documentsFull definition Source: USCIS: I-907, Request for Premium Processing Service#

The form to ask USCIS to waive a filing fee because you cannot afford it. Only certain forms and services qualify, so check USCIS’s list first. Fees required by the H.R. 1 law cannot be waived.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS: I-912, Request for Fee Waiver#

The formal training plan an F-1 student and employer complete for the 24-month STEM OPT extension. It sets out the student’s learning goals and the employer’s commitment to them. Both sign it and submit it to the school’s DSO.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: Study in the States: Form I-983 Overview#

The application a green card holder files to become a U.S. citizen through naturalization. You can file it once you meet the naturalization eligibility requirements. USCIS offers an online tool to check eligibility.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS: N-400, Application for Naturalization#

The application for a Certificate of Citizenship, an identity document proving U.S. citizenship. It is for people who acquired or derived citizenship, often through a U.S. citizen parent. It is not the same as naturalizing on Form N-400.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS Glossary: Certificate of Citizenship; USCIS: N-600#

Up to 60 days after your job ends when you are not treated as out of status. It stops sooner if your stay ends first. It covers E-1, E-2, E-3, H-1B, H-1B1, L-1, O-1 and TN workers, once per validity period. You cannot work during it unless otherwise authorized.

Agencies and processRead more Source: 8 CFR 214.1(l)(2)#

The card USCIS issues as proof of lawful permanent resident status. It is also accepted as proof of identity and work authorization on Form I-9. Most cards are valid for 10 years, while conditional residents get cards valid for 2 years.

Visas and statusFull definition Source: USCIS Glossary: Green Card#

A meeting with a USCIS officer to confirm the facts in your Form I-485. The officer checks your answers and lets you correct anything that changed. Adjustment applicants must be interviewed unless USCIS waives it case by case.

Agencies and processRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 7, Part A, Ch. 5#

Replacing a green card that has expired or will expire within 6 months, by filing Form I-90. The receipt notice, shown with the expired card, serves as temporary evidence of permanent resident status.

Family and citizenshipSource: USCIS: Replace Your Green Card#

The yearly limit on new H-1B workers. The regular cap is 65,000, plus 20,000 more for people with a U.S. master’s degree or higher. Some petitions, such as those from U.S. universities, are exempt.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: USCIS: H-1B Cap Season#

An employer whose H-1B workers make up a high share of its U.S. workforce, counted in full-time equivalents. For example, an employer with at least 51 such employees qualifies if H-1B workers equal 15 percent or more. These employers make extra LCA attestations.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: 20 CFR 655.736#

The online step an employer must complete for each worker before filing a cap-subject H-1B petition. If USCIS gets more registrations than needed, it runs a selection. Starting with fiscal year 2027, the selection is weighted by wage level, so higher levels get more entries.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: USCIS: H-1B Cap Season#

The common name for H-1B portability. If you hold H-1B status, you can start a new job once the new employer files a nonfrivolous petition. It must be filed before your stay expires, and you must not have worked without authorization.

Agencies and processRead more Source: 8 CFR 214.2(h)(2)(i)(H)#

A temporary work status for jobs in a specialty occupation. Such jobs normally need at least a bachelor’s degree in a related field. It also covers certain fashion models and Defense Department research projects. For specialty jobs and models, the employer files Form I-129 with a DOL-certified Labor Condition Application.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: H-1B Specialty Occupations#

A temporary work status for specialty occupation workers from Chile and Singapore, under free trade agreements. The employer must file a labor attestation with the Department of Labor. Unlike H-1B workers, H-1B1 applicants are presumed to be intending immigrants until they show they qualify for temporary status.

Visas and statusRead more Source: 8 U.S.C. 1184(b), (g)(8) and (h) (INA 214)#

A temporary visa for seasonal or temporary farm work. The employer must show there are not enough U.S. workers and that hiring will not hurt local wages. It generally needs a temporary labor certification from the Department of Labor before filing.

Visas and statusSource: USCIS: H-2A Temporary Agricultural Workers#

A temporary visa for nonfarm jobs where the employer’s need is temporary. The need must be one-time, seasonal, peak load or intermittent. The employer must show a shortage of U.S. workers and get a temporary labor certification. An annual cap limits many petitions.

Visas and statusSource: USCIS: H-2B Temporary Non-Agricultural Workers#

A temporary status for trainees and special education exchange visitors. Trainees must be invited for training that is not available in their home country. It is not meant for U.S. employment. The training must prepare you for a career outside the United States.

Visas and statusSource: USCIS: H-3 Nonimmigrant Trainee or Special Education Exchange Visitor#

A work permit some H-4 spouses of H-1B workers can get by filing Form I-765. The H-1B spouse must have an approved Form I-140 or hold H-1B time extended under AC21. You must receive the card before you start working.

Visas and statusSource: USCIS: Employment Authorization for Certain H-4 Dependent Spouses#

The dependent status for the spouse and children of an H worker, such as an H-1B. They get the same period of stay as the principal. H-4 status alone does not allow work, though some H-1B spouses can apply for an H-4 EAD.

Visas and statusSource: 8 CFR 214.2(h)(9)(iv)#

EB-1A criterion 9: a high salary or other significantly high pay compared with others in your field. A credible contract or job offer can count, not only past pay. Officers compare against data for your occupation and work location.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

A person in the sponsor’s household who signs Form I-864A. They agree to make their income or assets available to support the immigrant. The form is a legally binding contract between the sponsor and the household member.

Family and citizenshipSource: USCIS: Form I-864A#

Protection for an approved Form I-140 after you leave the employer. If it is withdrawn 180 days or more after approval, it generally stays approved. The job offer ends, so you usually need a new petition unless AC21 job portability applies.

Agencies and processRead more Source: 8 CFR 205.1(a)(3)(iii)(C)#

The spouse, child or parent of a U.S. citizen. For parents, the citizen must be at least 21. Immediate relatives are not subject to the yearly numerical limits on green cards. Some widows and widowers also stay in this group.

Family and citizenshipRead more Source: 8 U.S.C. 1151(b)(2)(A)(i) (INA 201(b)(2)(A)(i))#

In U.S. immigration law, every foreign national who does not fall within one of the nonimmigrant classes listed in INA 101(a)(15). Those temporary classes include visitors, students and temporary workers.

Visas and statusSource: 8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15) (INA 101(a)(15))#

The wish to live in the United States permanently. Under INA 214(b), most visa applicants are presumed to have it. They must prove they qualify for a temporary status. H-1B, L and V applicants are exempt from this presumption.

Visas and statusRead more Source: 8 U.S.C. 1184(b) (INA 214(b))#

A visa a U.S. consular officer issues at an office outside the United States to someone eligible to immigrate. It is the visa for people moving to the United States permanently, as opposed to a temporary nonimmigrant visa.

Visas and statusFull definition Source: 8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(16) (INA 101(a)(16))#

The main federal immigration law, enacted in 1952 and amended many times since. It collected and reorganized many immigration provisions. It sits in Title 8 of the U.S. Code, “Aliens and Nationality.”

Evidence and legal standardsSource: USCIS: Immigration and Nationality Act#

An attorney appointed by the Attorney General to serve as an administrative judge within EOIR. Immigration judges conduct removal proceedings and certain other hearings. Their decisions can usually be appealed to the Board of Immigration Appeals.

Agencies and processSource: USCIS Glossary: Immigration judge; Board of Immigration Appeals#

A practical term, not a legal requirement: a letter writer with no close personal or work tie to you. USCIS does weigh the relationship between you and each writer. It expects truly acclaimed people to be recognized well beyond their own circle.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

The evidence you must file with a petition at the start, as set by the regulations and form instructions. It is a threshold requirement. If it is missing, USCIS may deny the case or ask you to send it within a set time.

Evidence and legal standardsSource: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 1, Part E, Ch. 6#

The check an immigration officer makes when you arrive at a port of entry. You apply to enter in person, present the required documents and must show you are entitled to enter. Admission depends on passing it.

Agencies and processSource: 8 CFR 235.1#

Permission to get a nonimmigrant visa without an in-person consular interview. Officers may waive it for some renewals in the same category within 12 months of the old visa’s expiry. You must apply where you usually live. Anyone showing signs of possible ineligibility does not qualify.

Agencies and processRead more Source: 22 CFR 41.102#

A temporary status for people in an exchange program designated by the State Department. Purposes include teaching, study, research, training and graduate medical education. Your program sponsor gives you Form DS-2019. You may work only under your program’s terms.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: Exchange Visitors#

Permission to skip the J-1 two-year home residency rule. Grounds include a no-objection statement from your home government (not for medical trainees) or a request from a U.S. government agency. Others are exceptional hardship to a U.S. citizen or green card holder spouse or child, or fear of persecution.

Visas and statusRead more Source: 8 U.S.C. 1182(e) (INA 212(e))#

A job listing an employer places with the State Workforce Agency serving the area of the job. In PERM it must run for 30 days. It is a required recruitment step for both professional and nonprofessional jobs.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: 20 CFR 656.17(e)#

A rule that lets you change jobs while your green card application is pending. After Form I-485 has been pending 180 days, your I-140 can cover a new job. The job must be in the same or a similar occupation, shown on Form I-485 Supplement J.

Agencies and processRead more Source: 8 CFR 245.25#

A second person who signs an affidavit of support when the main sponsor’s household income is not enough. The joint sponsor shares full legal responsibility with the main sponsor for supporting the immigrant.

Family and citizenshipRead more Source: 8 CFR 213a.1 (definitions)#

EB-1A criterion 4: judging others’ work in your field or an allied field, alone or on a panel. Peer review for journals or conferences can count. You must show you actually did the review, not just that you were invited.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

A visa for the foreign fiance(e) of a U.S. citizen, started with Form I-129F. The couple must intend to marry within 90 days after the fiance(e) is admitted. If they marry in time, the spouse can apply for a green card.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: Visas for Fiance(e)s of U.S. Citizens#

A temporary visa for the foreign spouse of a U.S. citizen. It lets the spouse come here while a Form I-130 is pending. Once the I-130 is approved, the K-3 is no longer available. Because of this, the State Department rarely issues K-3 visas.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: K-3/K-4 Nonimmigrant Visas#

The two-step EB-1A review drawn from Kazarian v. USCIS (9th Cir. 2010). Step one asks which criteria your evidence objectively meets. Step two, the final merits determination, asks whether you are truly extraordinary.

Evidence and legal standardsFull definition Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

A temporary status for managers and executives transferred to a U.S. office of their company. The employee generally needs one continuous year with a related company abroad in the last three years. The maximum stay is seven years.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: L-1A Intracompany Transferee Executive or Manager#

A temporary status for employees transferred to a U.S. office of their company. The employee must have specialized knowledge of the company’s products, processes or procedures. One continuous year with a related company abroad in the last three years is generally needed. The maximum stay is five years.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: L-1B Intracompany Transferee Specialized Knowledge#

The dependent status for the spouse and unmarried children under 21 of an L-1 worker. They generally get the same stay as the L-1 employee. Spouses in L-2S status are allowed to work as part of their status.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: L-1A Intracompany Transferee Executive or Manager#

Department of Labor approval that there are not enough able, willing, qualified and available U.S. workers for a job. It also confirms hiring a foreign worker will not hurt U.S. wages. It expires unless filed with USCIS within 180 days.

Employers and PERMFull definition Source: DOL OFLC: Permanent Labor Certification#

A form an employer files with the Department of Labor for an H-1B, H-1B1 or E-3 worker. The employer promises to pay at least the higher of the actual wage or the prevailing wage. It also attests to working conditions, strikes and notice to workers.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: 20 CFR 655.730 (with 655.731)#

A foreign national who lives in the United States under lawfully recorded permanent residence as an immigrant. LPRs are also called permanent residents or green card holders. The green card is their proof of this status.

Visas and statusSource: USCIS Glossary: Lawful permanent resident#

EB-1A criterion 8: a leading or critical role for organizations or establishments with a distinguished reputation. A leading role means you were a leader there. A critical role means your work was of significant importance to the outcome. For a critical role, your performance counts, not your title.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

EB-1A criterion 1: prizes or awards for excellence in your field with national or international recognition. They need not match a Nobel. Officers weigh the award’s criteria, its significance, the number of winners and who may compete.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

A student status for full-time study in a vocational or other nonacademic program, not language training. The school must be SEVP-certified. M-1 students may do practical training only after they finish their studies, and it must be authorized first.

Visas and statusSource: USCIS: Students and Employment#

Following the terms of your nonimmigrant category and leaving when your stay ends. It matters because USCIS generally cannot approve an extension if you failed to maintain status. USCIS may excuse a late filing only in limited cases.

Agencies and processSource: 8 CFR 214.1(a)(3) and (c)(4)#

A top-tier award that counts as an EB-1A one-time achievement, such as the Nobel Prize. Winning one meets the initial evidence requirement alone. Lesser awards need not reach this level of prestige; they fall under criterion 1 instead.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

A federal court case asking a judge to compel a U.S. officer, employee or agency to perform a duty owed to you. Under 28 U.S.C. 1361, federal district courts hear these cases.

Evidence and legal standardsSource: 28 U.S.C. 1361#

The December 2016 AAO decision, 26 I&N Dec. 884, that set the three-prong test for the EB-2 national interest waiver. It vacated the older Matter of New York State Department of Transportation framework.

Evidence and legal standardsFull definition Source: Matter of Dhanasar, 26 I&N Dec. 884 (AAO 2016)#

EB-1A criterion 2: membership in an association in your field that requires outstanding achievements of its members. Recognized national or international experts must judge those achievements. Membership based only on a fee, a degree, years of experience or a job requirement does not qualify. A selective fellow level may.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

A request asking the deciding office to look again because it applied the law or policy incorrectly. It must show the decision was wrong based on the record at the time. It is due within 30 days of the decision.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: 8 CFR 103.5(a)#

A request asking the office that decided your case to reopen it based on new facts. It must state those facts and include affidavits or other documents. It is generally due within 30 days of the decision.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: 8 CFR 103.5(a)#

A USCIS office that does early processing for cases that need a field office interview. These are mainly family-based Form I-485s and naturalization applications. It also decides some work permit and travel document applications itself.

Agencies and processSource: USCIS: Field Operations Directorate#

A State Department office that receives approved immigrant petitions from USCIS for people applying abroad. It holds the case until a visa number is available, collects fees and documents, and contacts you. Tell it if your address, age or marital status changes.

Agencies and processFull definition Source: USCIS: Consular Processing#

The way a person not born in the United States becomes a U.S. citizen. The most common path is being a green card holder for at least 5 years, then filing Form N-400.

Family and citizenshipSource: USCIS: Citizenship Through Naturalization#

The usual type of AAO appeal decision. It applies existing law and policy to one case and binds only the parties in that case. It does not create or change USCIS policy.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS: AAO Decisions#

A foreign national admitted for a specific, temporary period and purpose, such as visiting, studying or working. Each nonimmigrant category has its own rules and conditions. Most nonimmigrants can bring a spouse and unmarried minor children.

Visas and statusSource: USCIS Glossary: Nonimmigrant#

A visa a U.S. consular officer issues for a temporary class, such as B, F, H or O. It is for people planning a temporary stay for a set purpose. It does not by itself make you a permanent resident.

Visas and statusSource: 8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(15) and (26)#

A notice an employer must give about a PERM application. It goes to the union if there is one. Otherwise it is posted at the worksite for at least 10 consecutive business days. Workers must be able to read it easily.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: 20 CFR 656.10(d)#

A USCIS notice saying it plans to deny your case and on what grounds. You get a chance to respond before the decision. The response period can be no longer than 30 days, and extra time cannot be granted.

Evidence and legal standardsFull definition Source: 8 CFR 103.2(b)#

A notice that USCIS plans to revoke a petition it already approved, such as an I-140. You can submit evidence supporting the petition and opposing the grounds for revocation. If USCIS then revokes, it must explain the specific reasons in writing.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: 8 CFR 205.2#

A U.S. person or company that files an O-1 petition in place of a single employer. Agents may file for workers who are traditionally self-employed or who work short engagements for several employers. The agent must provide the contract terms, including the wage.

Agencies and processRead more Source: 8 CFR 214.2(o)(2)(iv)(E)#

The evidence list for O-1A in science, education, business or athletics. You need a major internationally recognized award or at least three of eight criteria. They resemble EB-1A’s but drop the two arts criteria. They include a critical or essential role and a high salary you have commanded or will command.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: 8 CFR 214.2(o)(3)(iii)#

A temporary work status for people with extraordinary ability in the sciences, education, business or athletics. You must show sustained national or international acclaim. You must also be among the small percentage at the top of your field. A U.S. employer or agent files Form I-129.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: O-1 Visa: Individuals with Extraordinary Ability or Achievement#

A temporary work status for people with extraordinary ability in the arts, or extraordinary achievement in film or television. In the arts, the standard is distinction, meaning you are prominent or well known in your field. The petition needs a written advisory opinion, such as from a peer group or union.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: O-1 Visa: Individuals with Extraordinary Ability or Achievement#

A temporary status for a person who assists an O-1 artist or athlete at a specific event or performance. The assistant must be an integral part of the performance. Their critical skills and experience with the O-1 must be ones a U.S. worker could not readily provide.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: O-1 Visa: Individuals with Extraordinary Ability or Achievement#

The dependent status for the spouse and children under 21 of an O-1 or O-2 worker. They get the same period of stay and limits as the worker. O-3 family members may study full or part time, but they may not work in this status.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: O-1 Visa: Individuals with Extraordinary Ability or Achievement#

The promise new citizens make at a public naturalization ceremony. They give up loyalty to other countries and pledge to support and defend the U.S. Constitution and laws. Applicants become citizens only after taking it.

Family and citizenshipSource: 8 CFR 337.1#

The Department of Labor office that handles prevailing wage requests and PERM labor certifications. It also handles the labor filings behind H-1B, H-2A, H-2B and E-3 workers. Employers file through its online system, FLAG.

Agencies and processFull definition Source: DOL FLAG: About#

The third NIW prong: on balance, waiving the job offer and labor certification benefits the United States. Factors include whether labor certification is impractical, the benefit of your work even if U.S. workers are available, and urgency. A labor shortage alone does not satisfy it.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 5#

A major, internationally recognized award that meets EB-1A initial evidence on its own, without three criteria. The Policy Manual gives the Nobel Prize as its example. No comparable evidence can stand in for it.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

EB-1A criterion 5: original scientific, scholarly, artistic, athletic or business-related contributions of major significance in your field. Being funded, patented or published can show originality but not, on its own, major significance. Citations, commercial use and detailed expert letters can help show impact.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

Having broken the conditions of your nonimmigrant status, such as starting school while in the U.S. as a tourist. Being out of status can block a change of status. It can also lead to removal or a bar on returning.

Agencies and processSource: USCIS: Change My Nonimmigrant Status#

The EB-1B category for professors and researchers recognized internationally as outstanding in an academic field. You need two of six evidence criteria and three years of teaching or research. A U.S. employer must offer a tenured or tenure-track teaching job or a permanent research job.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: 8 CFR 204.5(i)#

Staying in the U.S. past the period of stay you were given. An overstay automatically voids the visa you entered on. In most cases you then need a new visa from a consulate in your country of nationality.

Agencies and processSource: INA 222(g), 8 U.S.C. 1202(g)#

A temporary status for athletes at an internationally recognized level (P-1A). It also covers members of entertainment groups recognized internationally as outstanding (P-1B). Athletes come for a specific competition. Group performers ordinarily need at least one year with the group.

Visas and statusRead more Source: 8 U.S.C. 1184(c)(4) (INA 214(c)(4))#

A temporary status for artists and entertainers who come to perform, teach or coach in a culturally unique program. The work must develop or present a traditional ethnic, folk, cultural or artistic form. The petition needs a labor organization consultation and proof the events are culturally unique.

Visas and statusSource: USCIS: P-3 Artist or Entertainer Coming to Be Part of a Culturally Unique Program#

A licensed doctor outside the U.S. who performs immigration medical exams for people applying abroad. The local U.S. embassy or consulate appoints them. It is the overseas counterpart to a civil surgeon.

Agencies and processRead more Source: USCIS Glossary: Panel physician#

Permission to be in the U.S. without being formally admitted, granted case by case under INA 212(d)(5)(A). It is used for urgent humanitarian reasons or significant public benefit. A parolee is still treated as an applicant for admission.

Agencies and processRead more Source: USCIS Glossary: Parole#

Under U.S. immigration law, a travel document from a competent authority showing your origin, identity and nationality. It must be valid for admission to a foreign country. A physical U.S. visa is placed inside it.

Forms and documentsSource: INA 101(a)(30), 8 U.S.C. 1101(a)(30)#

For O-1 consultation, a group or organization made up of practitioners of your occupation. If a union represents the employer’s workers in that occupation, it may serve as the peer group. Its advisory opinion goes in with the petition.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: 8 CFR 214.2(o)(3)(ii)#

A limit on how many preference green cards go to natives of one country. Each country generally gets no more than 7 percent of each year’s family and employment preference visas. A dependent area gets no more than 2 percent.

Green card lineFull definition Source: 8 U.S.C. 1152(a) (INA 202(a))#

The Department of Labor’s permanent labor certification program, in effect since March 28, 2005. Employers file Form ETA-9089 with a DOL National Processing Center. Once certified, the employer submits the approved certification to USCIS with Form I-140.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: DOL OFLC: Permanent Labor Certification#

A Department of Labor request for an employer’s PERM documents. Applications can be picked after review or at random. The employer usually has 30 days to respond, and missing the deadline leads to denial.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: 20 CFR 656.20#

A practical term, not a legal requirement: a written argument filed with a petition that walks through your evidence. USCIS does expect petitioners to explain why each piece of evidence matters. A petition letter is a common way to do that.

Evidence and legal standardsSource: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

The person or company that files an immigration petition. It can be a relative, an employer, or you yourself. In a self-petition, such as EB-1A or a national interest waiver, you are both petitioner and beneficiary.

Agencies and processRead more Source: USCIS Glossary: Petitioner; Beneficiary#

The actual days spent inside the United States, counted for naturalization. Most applicants need at least 30 months, or 913 days, within the 5 years before filing. Departure and return days both count as days present.

Family and citizenshipSource: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 12, Part D, Ch. 4#

Any place designated for people to enter the U.S., such as an airport or land border crossing. USCIS district offices and service centers also count as ports of entry for people adjusting to permanent resident status.

Agencies and processSource: USCIS Glossary: Port of entry#

An AAO decision designated to guide future cases. DHS, the Board of Immigration Appeals and the Attorney General jointly approve it. It binds DHS components in all proceedings on the same issue.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS: AAO Decisions#

Premium processing is an optional, paid USCIS service requested on Form I-907. USCIS guarantees to act on certain petitions, such as Form I-140 or I-129, within a set number of business days or refund the fee.

Agencies and processFull definition Source: USCIS, How Do I Request Premium Processing?#

The standard of proof in most USCIS cases. You meet it when relevant, credible evidence shows your claim is “more likely than not” true. Some doubt can remain and you can still meet it.

Evidence and legal standardsFull definition Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 1, Part E, Ch. 4#

The wage the Department of Labor sets for a job in a given area. For PERM it is the union contract rate, or else the average wage of similarly employed workers there. The employer must offer at least this wage.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: 20 CFR 656.40 (with 656.10(c)(1))#

The official prevailing wage that a Department of Labor National Processing Center provides or approves for a job. Employers need one for PERM applications. It is also required for Schedule A petitions filed with DHS.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: 20 CFR 656.3 (definitions)#

The person who qualifies for immigrant status in their own right, such as the EB-1A petitioner. A spouse or unmarried minor child may then get status through the principal. Your family’s case depends on the principal’s case.

Agencies and processRead more Source: USCIS Glossary: Principal Alien#

Your place in the green card line. Family cases use the date Form I-130 was properly filed. PERM cases use the date DOL accepted the labor certification. Most other job cases use the date USCIS accepted Form I-140.

Green card lineFull definition Source: USCIS: Visa Availability and Priority Dates#

A rule for EB-1, EB-2 and EB-3 cases. After an I-140 is approved, you generally keep its priority date for a later I-140 in those categories. It is lost if USCIS revokes the approval for fraud or certain other reasons.

Green card lineRead more Source: 8 CFR 204.5(e)#

How long USCIS expects a type of case to take, published in an online tool. Check the live tool rather than an old estimate. USCIS asks you to check processing times before you ask for an expedite.

Agencies and processRead more Source: USCIS: How to Make an Expedite Request#

The specific work you plan to do in an NIW case. It is narrower than your occupation: describe your projects, goals and likely impact, not a list of job duties. The Dhanasar prongs are judged against this endeavor.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 5#

The set of LCA records an H-1B employer must make available for anyone to review. It must be ready within one working day of filing the LCA, at the main office or work site. It includes the certified LCA and wage information.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: 20 CFR 655.760(a)#

A ground for denying a visa, entry or green card. It applies when an officer finds the person likely to become a public charge. By law, officers must at least weigh age, health, family status, finances, and education and skills. They may also consider an affidavit of support.

Family and citizenshipSource: 8 U.S.C. 1182(a)(4) (INA 212(a)(4))#

EB-1A criterion 3: material about you and your work in professional or major trade publications or other major media. It must show the title, date and author. Paid content and marketing pieces generally do not count.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

A temporary status for people in an employer-run international cultural exchange program approved by DHS. You share your home country’s culture while getting practical training and work. You must be at least 18, and the stay lasts up to 15 months.

Visas and statusSource: USCIS: Q Cultural Exchange#

A temporary status for ministers and others in religious jobs. You must work an average of at least 20 hours a week for a qualifying nonprofit religious organization. You need at least two years of membership in the denomination before filing. Total R-1 time is capped at five years.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: R-1 Nonimmigrant Religious Workers#

The notice USCIS sends after it accepts your filing. It shows your receipt number, which you use to track the case. The same I-797C format is also used for rejections, transfers, and biometrics or interview appointments.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS: Form I-797: Types and Functions#

The 13-character code USCIS gives each application or petition it receives. It has three letters, such as IOE, LIN or WAC, followed by ten digits. You find it on your notices and use it to check case status.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS Glossary: Receipt Number#

A letter from someone in your field describing your work and its impact. USCIS says such letters are not without weight but should not be the cornerstone of a case. Specific detail backed by documents persuades; general praise does not.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

The ads an employer must run to test the U.S. job market before filing PERM. For professional jobs this means a 30-day state job order, two Sunday newspaper ads and three extra steps. The mandatory steps must fall 30 to 180 days before filing.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: 20 CFR 656.17(e)#

A signed summary of an employer’s PERM recruitment. It lists the steps taken, results, hires, and how many U.S. workers were rejected for lawful job-related reasons. The Department of Labor may ask for the resumes behind it.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: 20 CFR 656.17(g)#

A travel document for green card holders planning a long trip abroad. It is generally valid for 2 years from issuance and cannot be extended. While it is valid, the length of your absence alone is not treated as abandoning your status.

Family and citizenshipSource: 8 CFR 223.3#

A public or private economic unit that promotes economic growth and is designated by USCIS for the EB-5 program. Investors can invest through a regional center project. USCIS must audit each regional center at least once every five years.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: EB-5 Immigrant Investor Regional Centers#

The step that turns a 2-year conditional green card into full permanent residence. Marriage-based residents file Form I-751, and investors file Form I-829, in the 90 days before the card expires. If conditions are not removed, status is lost.

Family and citizenshipRead more Source: USCIS: Conditional Permanent Residence#

A USCIS notice asking for more evidence before it decides your case. It says what evidence is required. The response period can be no longer than 12 weeks, and extra time cannot be granted.

Evidence and legal standardsFull definition Source: 8 CFR 103.2(b)#

When a Visa Bulletin cut-off date moves backward, or a current category stops being current. It happens when demand outruns the yearly visa supply. Dates usually recover after the new fiscal year starts on October 1, but not always.

Green card lineRead more Source: USCIS: Visa Availability and Priority Dates#

Cancelling the approval of a petition USCIS already granted. Under 8 CFR 205.2, it comes only after notice and a chance to respond with evidence. A separate rule covers automatic revocation. You may appeal a revocation under 205.2 within 15 days after service of the notice.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: 8 CFR 205.2#

A Department of Labor list of jobs where it has already found too few qualified and available U.S. workers. Group I includes physical therapists and professional nurses. Employers file these cases with the Department of Homeland Security, not a DOL processing center.

Employers and PERMFull definition Source: 20 CFR 656.5 (filing under 656.15)#

Evidence that supports a fact indirectly, used when the primary document does not exist or cannot be obtained. A baptismal certificate in place of a birth certificate is one example. USCIS gives it less weight than primary evidence.

Evidence and legal standardsSource: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 1, Part E, Ch. 6#

A USCIS office that decides cases filed by mail, online or through a USCIS Lockbox. Service centers do not hold interviews or offer in-person services. They also do not take walk-in visitors, applications or questions.

Agencies and processSource: USCIS Glossary: Service centers#

SEVP is the government program that certifies schools and tracks foreign students and exchange visitors. SEVIS is its web-based database holding records for F-1, M-1 and J-1 visitors and their dependents. A SEVIS record that shows a status violation can lead to denied benefits or removal.

Agencies and processSource: ICE: SEVP and SEVIS#

An unannounced check by USCIS fraud detection officers to confirm the facts in a petition. Officers may ask about the worker’s location, duties, hours and pay. Refusing to cooperate can lead to denial or revocation.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: USCIS: Administrative Site Visit and Verification Program#

The core EB-1A test, taken from the regulation’s definition of extraordinary ability. Meeting three criteria does not settle it. In the final merits step, the officer decides whether all your evidence places you in that small top group.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

A job that needs highly specialized knowledge and at least a bachelor’s degree or equivalent in a specific field. H-1B status is for jobs that meet this test. Examples include engineering, medicine, accounting and law.

Employers and PERMRead more Source: USCIS: H-1B Cap Season#

An informal word for the person or employer who petitions for you. USCIS also uses it for someone who signs Form I-864, the Affidavit of Support. If you self-petition, as in EB-1A, no employer sponsor is needed.

Agencies and processRead more Source: USCIS Glossary: Sponsor; Beneficiary#

The first NIW prong: your proposed endeavor must have both substantial merit and national importance. Merit can lie in business, science, health, education and more. National importance looks at broader impact, not benefits to one employer.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 5#

PERM recruitment run under direct Department of Labor control. The certifying officer approves the ad, and applicants send resumes to DOL instead of the employer. DOL can require it for up to 2 years after an employer fails to answer an audit.

Employers and PERMSource: 20 CFR 656.21#

Recognition in your field that has been maintained over time, not won once and then lost. The term implies no age limit, so early-career people can show it. There is no fixed time frame for “sustained.”

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

The dependent status for the spouse and unmarried children under 21 of a TN professional. TD family members may study but may not work in the United States. Their stay cannot be longer than the TN worker’s stay.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: TN USMCA Professionals#

Leaving after over 180 days but under a year of unlawful presence brings a 3-year bar on returning. One year or more brings a 10-year bar. Since an August 2026 BIA decision, leaving on advance parole counts as a departure.

Agencies and processRead more Source: USCIS: Unlawful Presence and Inadmissibility#

A temporary work status for Canadian and Mexican citizens in professions listed in the USMCA trade agreement. You need a prearranged job with a U.S. employer. Canadians can often apply at the border, while Mexicans need a TN visa first. The initial stay is up to 3 years.

Visas and statusRead more Source: USCIS: TN USMCA Professionals#

Weighing all the evidence in the record together, not item by item. In the EB-1A final merits step, officers consider everything, even evidence that fits no single criterion. Some items are strong alone; others persuade only in combination.

Evidence and legal standardsFull definition Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 2#

A rule for some J-1 exchange visitors, such as those with government funding or graduate medical training. They must spend two years in total in their country of nationality or last residence. Until then, they cannot get a green card, H visa or L visa. A waiver can remove the requirement.

Visas and statusRead more Source: 8 U.S.C. 1182(e) (INA 212(e))#

The legal status of being a U.S. citizen. By statute, a person born in the United States and subject to its jurisdiction is a citizen at birth. Some children born abroad to U.S. citizen parents are also citizens at birth if the parents meet residence or presence rules.

Family and citizenshipSource: 8 U.S.C. 1401 (INA 301)#

The DHS agency that guards the border and handles legitimate travel and trade. At a port of entry, CBP officers decide whether to admit you, for how long and on what conditions. Holding a visa does not take that decision away from them.

Agencies and processSource: USCIS Glossary: U.S. Customs and Border Protection; Visa#

The main investigative arm of DHS. It enforces federal laws on border control, customs, trade and immigration. This includes arresting people who are removable.

Agencies and processSource: USCIS Glossary: U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement; Apprehension#

A Visa Bulletin entry marked “U”. It means no visas can be issued for now in that category or country, whatever your priority date. Applicants must wait until numbers open up again.

Green card lineRead more Source: USCIS: Visa Availability and Priority Dates#

Time you spend in the U.S. after your authorized stay expires, or after entering without admission or parole. It usually starts the day after the date on your Form I-94. Building up enough of it can make you inadmissible after you leave.

Agencies and processRead more Source: USCIS: Unlawful Presence and Inadmissibility#

The agency within the Department of Homeland Security that oversees lawful immigration to the United States. Its duties include granting work permits, overseeing Form I-9 and running E-Verify.

Agencies and processSource: USCIS Glossary: U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services#

A unique number issued by the USCIS online filing system to your account. You should have only one for all your cases. It is not the same as your A-Number or a receipt number.

Forms and documentsSource: USCIS Glossary: USCIS Online Account Number#

USCIS’s central online home for its official immigration policies, organized in volumes by benefit type. Officers must follow it, though it does not remove their discretion. It does not create legally enforceable rights.

Evidence and legal standardsSource: USCIS Policy Manual#

A monthly State Department report showing how far each family and employment green card line has moved, by country. You compare your priority date with its dates to see when you can file or be approved.

Green card lineFull definition Source: USCIS: Visa Availability and Priority Dates#

One of the limited immigrant visas the law allows each year in a preference category. A preference green card needs an available visa number for your category, country and priority date. Visas for immediate relatives of citizens are unlimited and always available.

Green card lineFull definition Source: USCIS: Visa Availability and Priority Dates#

A rule that treats an expired visa as valid for re-entry after a short trip to Canada or Mexico. The trip must be 30 days or less. You need a valid I-94 and passport and must have kept your status. You must not have applied for a new visa abroad.

Agencies and processSource: 22 CFR 41.112(d)#

The physical visa placed in your passport, showing your visa class. It lets you apply for entry at a U.S. port of entry but does not guarantee admission. The State Department, not USCIS, issues it.

Forms and documentsRead more Source: 22 CFR 41.113 and USCIS Glossary: Visa#

The State Department issues a visa based on the purpose of your trip. Your status is the category you hold in the United States for that purpose. Maintaining status means following the rules tied to it, such as a student attending classes full time.

Visas and statusSource: Study in the States (DHS): Maintaining Status#

A program that lets citizens of participating countries visit for business or tourism without a visa. Each visit can last up to 90 days. Travelers need an approved ESTA before they travel. In return, those countries let U.S. citizens visit on similar terms.

Visas and statusSource: CBP: Visa Waiver Program#

The second NIW prong, which focuses on you rather than the endeavor. Officers weigh your education, skills, record of success, plans, progress and outside support. You need not prove the endeavor will more likely than not succeed.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 6, Part F, Ch. 5#

Willfully making a false statement of a material fact to a U.S. official to get, or try to get, an immigration benefit. It makes a person inadmissible under INA 212(a)(6)(C)(i). No intent to deceive is required. Every fraud finding is also a misrepresentation finding.

Evidence and legal standardsRead more Source: USCIS Policy Manual, Vol. 8, Part J, Ch. 2#